World Population
India Population

Bihar Population 2024

Bihar is the eastern state of India, bordered by Nepal in the North, Jharkhand in the south, Uttar Pradesh in the west and Meghalaya on the east. Its third largest state by population after Uttar pradesh and Maharashtra with an sex ratio of 918. Bihar population in 2024 is estimated to be 127 million (12.7 Crores), By August 2023 Bihar population is projected to be 12.67 crores as per Unique Identification Aadhar India, updated 31, May 2023. As per NFHS 2019-2021 report, Total Fertility Rate of Bihar State is 3 children per women compared to 3.4 in 2016, which is higher than India's TFR of 2.
Bihar Population
Image Source: Bihari people spiritual gathering at Satsang, Bihar
The first census was recorded in Bihar state at the time of British India rule in 1901 was 21.24 million people. By 1951 the population raised to 29 million in the first ever census conducted by Independent India and 7.76 million was increased in 50 years in the state of Bihar mostly in the British colonial rule. By the next 50 years the Bihari population was almost tripled taking to 82 million as per the census conducted in the year of 2001. In the last census of 2011 the population is recorded as 104 million people increasing at growth rate of 25% from the last census.

Census yearPersonsAbsolutePercentageMalesFemales
190121,243,632--10,308,30010,935,332
191121,567,159323,5271.5210,516,05011,051,109
192121,358,905-208,254-0.9710,573,10510,785,800
193123,438,3712,079,4669.7411,748,05311,690,318
194126,302,7712,864,40012.2213,138,75913,164,012
195129,085,0172,782,24610.5814,545,92114,539,096
196134,840,9685,755,95119.7917,375,44217,465,526
197142,126,2367,285,26820.9121,530,72420,595,512
198152,302,66510,176,42924.1626,850,11625,452,549
199164,530,55412,227,88923.3833,838,23830,692,316
200182,998,50918,467,95528.6243,243,79539,754,714
2011104,099,45221,100,94325.4254,278,15749,821,295
Source: A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901


Population Pyramid

Source: 2011 Census: Population In Five Year Age-Group


Bihar Population by Religion

Bihar population religion wise, Hindu is the major religion in the Bihar state with 82.6%, for the thousands of years Hindu is the only religion followed in Bihari region till the muslim rulers invaded bihar in 12th cenutury, as per 2011 census it accounts for 16.87% of Muslim population, and other religions like Buddhism, Christian, Sikh and Jain accounts for less than 1%. Buddhism is one of the world's largest religion with over 500 million followers, Buddhism originated in Bihar state of Gaya, founded in 5th to 6th century BCE by Gautama Buddha.

ReligionPersonsPercentageMalesFemales
Hindu86,078,68682.6944,994,50541,084,181
Muslim17,557,80916.879,044,0868,513,723
Christian129,2470.1266,11563,132
Sikh23,7790.0212,45711,322
Buddhist25,4530.0213,49011,963
Jain18,9140.029,7439,171
Others13,4370.016,8336,604
Not Stated252,1270.24130,928121,199
Source: Details of Religion In Main Table C-1- 2011 (India & States/UTs)


Ethnic groups of Bihar

Population according to castes in Bihar are 5.7% are Brahmins, 4.7% are Bhumihar, 5.2% are Rajputs, 14.4% are Yadav, 4% are Kurmi, 8% are Kushwaha, 17% are Muslims, 2% are Kayastha, 6% are Baniya, 3% are Teli, 2% are Mushahar and 4% are Dusadh.

TribesPopulation as per Census 2011
All Scheduled Tribes1,336,573
Asur, Agaria4,129
Baiga543
Banjara2,709
Bathudi18
Bedia1,777
Binjhia15
Birhor377
Birjia208
Chero12,741
Chik Baraik2,135
Gond256,738
Gorait836
Ho715
Karmali277
Kharia, Dhelki Kharia, Dudh Kharia, Hill Kharia11,569
Kharwar125,811
Khond134
Kisan, Nagesia28,931
Kora, Mudi-kora16,580
Korwa452
Lohara, Lohra7,718
Mahli4,132
Mal Paharia, Kumarbhag Paharia2,225
Munda, Patar14,028
Oraon, Dhangar (Oraon)144,472
Parhaiya647
Santal406,076
Sauria Paharia1,932
Savar80
Kawar868
Kol10,735
Tharu159,939
Generic Tribes etc.117,026


Languages spoken in Bihar

Hindi is widely spoken through out Bihar state with 77% of population, followed by Maithili with 12.54% and Urdu with 8.4%. Hindi is the official and main language that every Bihari speaks even if they are Maithili and Urdu speakers. Bhojpuri, Angika and Magahi are widely spoken in some districts of Bihar and considered one of the Hindi dialects. The Other languages like Bengali, Punjabi, Gujarati are the migrated people representing less than 1% each.

LanguagesPersonsPercentageRuralUrban
Hindi80,698,46677.520571,381,8629,316,604
Maithili13,063,04212.548612,395,984667,058
Urdu8,770,0028.42467,122,0781,647,924
Bengali810,7710.7788734,05876,713
Santali458,9490.4409447,77111,178
Kurukh/Oraon87,9950.084577,89410,101
Malto75,9860.073075,90086
Punjabi10,4670.01012,9337,534
Gujarati8,2970.00806,7111,586
Nepali5,7270.00553,8401,887
Sanskrit3,3880.00333,041347
Odia3,1880.00312,1141,074
Sindhi2,2270.00211,0411,186
Assamese2,0870.00201,447640
Source: 2011 Census: Language and Mother Tongue


Disability

Below is the disable people stastistics of Bihar:

Type of disabilityTotal PersonsCultivatorsAgriculture laborHHIOther workers
Total disabled population865,347170,216449,65740,226205,248
In Seeing200,99541,675104,6508,33246,338
In Hearing221,56142,979113,75111,40353,428
In Speech64,97413,26833,5573,30114,848
In Movement140,72229,07869,6815,93436,029
Mental Retardation26,3565,40914,7121,0785,157
Mental Illness10,0062,1135,5294011,963
Any Other175,38230,61194,2658,46442,042
Multiple disability25,3515,08313,5121,3135,443
Source: 2011 Census: Distribution of Disabled(India & States/UTs)


Bihar Population projection

According to UID, Bihar population in 2022 is estimated to be 125.1 million, population in 2020 is estimated to be 124 million, and in 2021 is estimated to be 127 million (12.7 Crores), and in 2023 is estimated to be 126.8 million.


District wise population in Bihar

Bihar State has currently 38 districts, The average population of the districts is 27,31,701, most populous district is Patna with 6,539,081 and least populous is Sheikhpura with 712,703. Highest literacy rate is Rohtas with 75.59% and lowest literacy rate being Purnia, 52.49%. Bihar district wise population as per Census 2011 and 2020 projection.

DistrictPopulation(2020 est.)Population(2011)Percentage
Pashchim Champaran4,485,9483,935,0423.78
Purba Champaran5,813,2835,099,3714.90
Sheohar748,120656,2460.63
Sitamarhi3,902,8743,423,5743.29
Madhubani5,115,6124,487,3794.31
Supaul2,541,1472,229,0762.14
Araria3,205,1892,811,5692.70
Kishanganj1,927,0561,690,4001.62
Purnia3,721,6663,264,6193.14
Katihar3,500,9733,071,0292.95
Madhepura2,282,0092,001,7621.92
Saharsa2,166,7541,900,6611.83
Darbhanga4,488,6193,937,3853.78
Muzaffarpur5,473,2114,801,0624.61
Gopalganj2,920,6942,562,0122.46
Siwan3,796,7293,330,4643.20
Saran4,505,1233,951,8623.80
Vaishali3,984,3243,495,0213.36
Samastipur4,858,1854,261,5664.09
Begusarai3,386,4172,970,5412.85
Khagaria1,900,2501,666,8861.60
Bhagalpur3,463,0533,037,7662.92
Banka2,319,6302,034,7631.95
Munger1,559,2521,367,7651.31
Lakhisarai1,141,0401,000,9120.96
Sheikhpura725,430636,3420.61
Nalanda3,280,5242,877,6532.76
Patna6,655,8505,838,4655.61
Bhojpur3,110,3842,728,4072.62
Buxar1,945,2411,706,3521.64
Kaimur (Bhabua)1,854,0781,626,3841.56
Rohtas3,374,3072,959,9182.84
Aurangabad2,895,6832,540,0732.44
Gaya5,006,2174,391,4184.22
Nawada2,529,8262,219,1462.13
Jamui2,006,8621,760,4051.69
Jehanabad 1,282,8571,125,3131.08
Arwal798,961700,8430.67
Source: 2011 Census: Population Data on District/Sub-Dist Level

Punjab Population

Punjab Population

Haryana Population

Haryana Population

Himachal Pradesh Population

Himachal Pradesh Population

Assam Population

Assam Population

West Bengal Population

West Bengal Population

Madhya Pradesh Population

Madhya Pradesh Population


References

1. http://censusindia.gov.in/
2. https://uidai.gov.in/images/state-wise-aadhaar-saturation.pdf
3. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/sp.dyn.cdrt.in

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