Assam Population

Assam is the state of north-eastern part of India below the eastern Himalayan region, bordered by Arunachal Pradesh and Bhutan to the north, Manipur and Nagaland to the east, Manipur, Tripura and Bangladesh to the south and West Bengal to the west. Assam is popular for 'Assam Tea' due to wide range of tea plantations. Human settlements are traced from early stone ages before 9000 BCE in Assam. Assam population in 2023 is estimated to be 35.72 million (3.57 Crores), By May 2023 Assam population is projected to be 3.57 as per Unique Identification Aadhar India, updated 31, May 2023. As per NFHS 2019-2021 report, Total Fertility Rate of Assam State is 1.9 children per women compared to 2.2 in 2016.

Image Source: Folk dance by native people of Assam

Dispur is the capital of Assam, The people of Assam are called 'Assamese'.

The first census conducted in the era of British India in 1901 is recorded as 3.28 million. The 6th census was conducted by Independent India in 1951 and the recorded population growth was 2.44 times in the span of 50 years from 1901 to 1951 is 8 million, and for the next 50 years from 1951 to 2001 the population growth recorded was 3.44 times and the 2001 census was 26 million. The growth rate from 2011 to 2021 is 13.54%.

Census year	Persons	Absolute	Percentage	Males	Females
1901	3,289,680	-	-	1,714,316	1,575,364
1911	3,848,617	558,937	16.99	2,010,211	1,838,406
1921	4,636,980	788,363	20.48	2,445,300	2,191,680
1931	5,560,371	923,391	19.91	2,966,568	2,593,803
1941	6,694,790	1,134,419	20.4	3,569,762	3,125,028
1951	8,028,856	1,334,066	19.93	4,298,773	3,730,083
1961	10,837,329	2,808,473	34.98	5,798,376	5,038,953
1971	14,625,152	3,787,823	34.95	7,714,240	6,910,912
1981 #	18,041,248	3,416,096	23.36	9,444,037	8,597,211
1991	22,414,322	4,373,074	24.24	11,657,989	10,756,333
2001	26,655,528	4,241,206	18.92	13,777,037	12,878,491
2011	31,205,576	4,550,048	17.07	15,939,443	15,266,133

Source: A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901

Population Pyramid

Source: 2011 Census: Population In Five Year Age-Group

Assam Population by Religion

According to 2011 census Assam population religion wise, Hindu is the major religion with 61% of population, followed by Muslim with 34%. Christianity accounts for 3.7%, and other religions like Buddhism, Jainism are less than 1%. 54,993 Buddhists and 25,949 Jains are living in Assam at the time of 2011 census.

Religion	Persons	Percentage	Males	Females
Hindu	19,180,759	61.47	9,796,805	9,383,954
Muslim	10,679,345	34.22	5,463,393	5,215,952
Christian	1,165,867	3.74	587,196	578,671
Sikh	20,672	0.07	11,815	8,857
Buddhist	54,993	0.18	28,089	26,904
Jain	25,949	0.08	13,543	12,406
Others	27,118	0.09	13,699	13,419
Not Stated	50,873	0.16	24,903	25,970

Source: Details of Religion In Main Table C-1- 2011 (India & States/UTs)

Ethnic groups

The tribes of Assam and their population as per census 2011 are:

Tribes	Population as per Census 2011
All Scheduled Tribes	3,884,371
Chakma	2,032
Dimasa, Kachari	102,961
Garo	25,315
Hajong	436
Hmar	15,745
Khasi, Jaintia, Synteng, Pnar, War, Bhoi, Lyngngam	15,936
Any Kuki Tribes	33,399
Lakher	37
Man (Tai speaking)	1,269
Any Mizo (Lushai) tribes	880
Karbi	430,452
Any Naga tribes	29,767
Pawi	3
Syntheng	5
Lalung	18,252
Barmans in Cachar	6,716
Boro, Borokachari	1,361,735
Deori	43,750
Hojai	642
Kachari, Sonwal	253,344
Lalung	182,663
Mech	9,883
Miri	680,424
Rabha	296,189
Dimasa	19,702
Hajong	34,253
Singhpho	2,342
Khampti	1,106
Garo	136,077
Generic Tribes etc.	179,056

Languages spoken in Assam

Assamese is one of the major language spoken in Assam with 48.3%, followed by Sylheti(dialect of Bengali) with 28.9% and Hindi with 6.7%. Assamese, Sylheti and Bodo are the official languages.

Languages	Persons	Percentage	Rural	Urban
Assamese	15,095,797	48.3753	13,040,275	2,055,522
Bengali	9,024,324	28.9189	7,562,421	1,461,903
Hindi	2,101,435	6.7342	1,554,646	546,789
Mising	619,197	1.9843	608,017	11,180
Nepali	596,210	1.9106	526,716	69,494
Karbi	511,732	1.6399	465,223	46,509
Odia	218,552	0.7004	209,408	9,144
Santali	213,139	0.6830	210,901	2,238
Garo	172,520	0.5528	166,472	6,048
Manipuri	168,133	0.5388	140,422	27,711
Dimasa	131,474	0.4213	117,467	14,007
Rabha	101,752	0.3261	98,661	3,091
Kurukh/Oraon	73,437	0.2353	71,844	1,593
Munda	71,903	0.2304	71,239	664
Bishnupuriya	53,867	0.1726	45,631	8,236
Khasi	41,847	0.1341	40,447	1,400
Lalung	31,821	0.1020	30,548	1,273
Hmar	29,323	0.0940	22,668	6,655
Deori	27,441	0.0879	25,868	1,573
Telugu	26,630	0.0853	11,820	14,810
Mundari	23,813	0.0763	23,584	229
Punjabi	23,313	0.0747	10,032	13,281
Tripuri	22,890	0.0734	22,550	340
Kuki	22,327	0.0715	18,218	4,109
Zemi	20,723	0.0664	17,203	3,520
Sindhi	19,646	0.0630	19,320	326
Koch	12,550	0.0402	12,192	358
Marathi	11,641	0.0373	9,550	2,091
Kharia	8,921	0.0286	8,622	299
Halam	8,679	0.0278	8,473	206
Urdu	8,293	0.0266	5,147	3,146
Gujarati	7,660	0.0245	6,559	1,101
Maithili	6,034	0.0193	1,352	4,682
Savara	5,900	0.0189	5,505	395
Gondi	5,855	0.0188	5,827	28
Malayalam	5,768	0.0185	3,845	1,923
Parji	5,693	0.0182	5,686	7
Tamil	5,229	0.0168	3,751	1,478
AO	4,092	0.0131	3,589	503
Mizo	4,006	0.0128	2,284	1,722
Adi	3,705	0.0119	3,532	173
Rengma	3,149	0.0101	2,779	370
Bhili	3,038	0.0097	2,504	534
Kannada	2,597	0.0083	1,966	631
Thado	2,540	0.0081	2,245	295
Tamang	2,063	0.0066	2,012	51

Source: 2011 Census: Language and Mother Tongue

Disability

Below is the list for the Assam disable people stats as per census 2011.

Type of disability	Total Persons	Cultivators	Agriculture labor	HHI	Other workers
Total disabled population	162,785	56,262	27,834	8,157	70,532
In Seeing	29,404	10,771	4,854	1,349	12,430
In Hearing	42,172	15,361	7,037	2,283	17,491
In Speech	13,301	4,547	2,895	546	5,313
In Movement	22,884	7,066	3,697	1,127	10,994
Mental Retardation	6,976	2,346	1,566	300	2,764
Mental Illness	4,351	1,456	1,057	175	1,663
Any Other	34,613	11,322	4,758	1,952	16,581
Multiple disability	9,084	3,393	1,970	425	3,296

Source: 2011 Census: Distribution of Disabled(India & States/UTs)

Population projection

According to UID, Assam population in 2022 is estimated to be 35.4 million, in 2021 is estimated to be 36 Million and in 2020 is estimated to be 35 Million (3.5 Crores).

District wise population in Assam

Below is the Assam district wise population as per Census 2011 and 2020 projection.

District	Population(2020 est.)	Population(2011)	Percentage
Kokrajhar	1,011,342	887,142	2.84
Dhubri	2,222,154	1,949,258	6.25
Goalpara	1,149,329	1,008,183	3.23
Barpeta	1,930,729	1,693,622	5.43
Morigaon	1,091,462	957,423	3.07
Nagaon	3,219,096	2,823,768	9.05
Sonitpur	2,193,485	1,924,110	6.17
Lakhimpur	1,188,036	1,042,137	3.34
Dhemaji	782,192	686,133	2.20
Tinsukia	1,513,839	1,327,929	4.26
Dibrugarh	1,512,022	1,326,335	4.25
Sivasagar	1,312,197	1,151,050	3.69
Jorhat	1,245,172	1,092,256	3.50
Golaghat	1,216,252	1,066,888	3.42
Karbi Anglong	1,090,197	956,313	3.06
Dima Hasao	244,076	214,102	0.69
Cachar	1,979,743	1,736,617	5.57
Karimganj	1,400,702	1,228,686	3.94
Hailakandi	751,597	659,296	2.11
Bongaigaon	842,237	738,804	2.37
Chirang	549,665	482,162	1.55
Kamrup	1,729,998	1,517,542	4.86
Kamrup Metropolitan	1,429,489	1,253,938	4.02
Nalbari	879,668	771,639	2.47
Baksa	1,083,086	950,075	3.04
Darrang	1,058,490	928,500	2.98
Udalguri	948,102	831,668	2.67