Madagascar is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately 400 km off the coast of East Africa across the Mozambique Channel. Madagascar was a former French colony gained independence in 1960. Madagascar population in 2024 is estimated to be 31.04 million, covers country area of 587,041 sq km (226,658 sq mi), ranks forty-sixth country by area, fourth largest island in the world, after Greenland, New Guinea, and Borneo, the fiftieth most populous country in the world and is the fifth poorest nation in the world. Its capital is Antananarivo, other popular cities are Toamasina, Antsirabe, Mahajanga, Fianarantsoa, Toliara, Antsiranana, Hell-Ville and Sambava. Country code is MDG, Life expectancy of Madagascar is 64.10 years for male and 66.60 years for female.
Below table is the population of Madagascar from 1960 to 2020:| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 5,099,368 |
| 1965 | 5,769,215 |
| 1970 | 6,576,305 |
| 1975 | 7,556,032 |
| 1980 | 8,716,549 |
| 1985 | 10,063,493 |
| 1990 | 11,598,647 |
| 1995 | 13,475,403 |
| 2000 | 15,766,806 |
| 2005 | 18,336,722 |
| 2010 | 21,151,640 |
| 2015 | 24,234,080 |
| 2020 | 27,691,019 |
Madagascar population in 1960 is 5,099,368, by 1970 the population is increased by 1,476,937 totaling to 6,576,305, by 1980 the population is increased to 8,716,549, and by 1990 the total increase of 11,598,647 in 30 years from 1960 to 1990 resulting to 11,598,647. From 1990 to 2000, population increased to 15,766,806, and from 2000 to 2010 the population of Madagascar increase by 5,384,834 with a change of 34.15 percent and increase of population from 2010 to 2020 by 6,539,379 with a change of 30.92 percent and make up to 27,691,019. Madagascar population in 2023 is estimated to be 30.08 million, population in 2022 is estimated to be 29.12 million, Population of Madagascar in 2021 is estimated as 28.34 million.
According to instat, Madagascar is divided into 23 regions, further divided into 114 districts. In August 2021, Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region will be split into two regions via Fitovinany Region and Vatovavy Region, Fitnovinany region made up to the districts of Ikongo, Manakara and Vohipeno, while the Vatovavy Region will be formed with Ifanadiana, Nosy Varika and Mananjary. The Total Fertility rate is 4.3 children per woman in 2018 decreased from 6.3 in 1975 and 5.9 in 1993. As per 2018 census, Some of the regions TFR has above 5 children per woman for the Melaky, Amoron'i Mania, Vatovavy, Fitovinany and Atsimo Atsinanana regions. The Androy region is fairly high level of fertility recorded more than 6 children per woman.
| Region | Area (sq km) | Population (2018) | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diana | 19,266 | 889,736 | Antsiranana |
| Sava | 25,518 | 1,123,013 | Sambava |
| Itasy | 6,993 | 897,962 | Miarinarivo |
| Analamanga | 16,911 | 3,618,128 | Antananarivo |
| Vakinankaratra | 16,599 | 2,074,358 | Antsirabe |
| Bongolava | 16,688 | 674,474 | Tsiroanomandidy |
| Sofia | 50,100 | 1,500,227 | Antsohihy |
| Boeny | 31,046 | 931,171 | Mahajanga |
| Betsiboka | 30,025 | 394,561 | Maevatanana |
| Melaky | 38,852 | 309,805 | Maintirano |
| Alaotra-Mangoro | 31,948 | 1,255,514 | Ambatondrazaka |
| Atsinanana | 21,934 | 1,484,403 | Toamasina |
| Analanjirofo | 21,930 | 1,152,345 | Fenoarivo Atsinanana |
| Amoron'i Mania | 16,141 | 833,919 | Ambositra |
| Matsiatra Ambony | 21,080 | 1,447,296 | Fianarantsoa |
| Fitovinany | 19,605 | 1,435,882 | Manakara |
| Vatovavy | 705,675 | Mananjary | |
| Atsimo-Atsinanana | 18,863 | 1,026,674 | Farafangana |
| Ihorombe | 26,391 | 418,520 | Ihosy |
| Menabe | 46,121 | 700,577 | Morondava |
| Atsimo-Andrefana | 66,236 | 1,799,088 | Toliara |
| Androy | 19,317 | 903,376 | Ambovombe-Androy |
| Anosy | 25,731 | 809,313 | Tôlanaro |
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