Punjab Population

Punjab is a state of India, located in norther part of India bordered by Jammu and Kashmir in the north, pakistan on the west, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh on the west, Haryana and Rajasthan on the south. The "panj" means five and "aab" means water, its land of five waters referring to the rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Sutlej, Ravi and Beas. Chandigarh is the capital city of Punjab state also shared by Haryana state. Punjab state has 22 districts and its population rank is 16th place in India. Punjab population in 2023 is estimated to be 30.74 Million (3.074 Crores), By May 2023 Punjab population is projected to be 3.073 as per Unique Identification Aadhar India, updated 31, May 2023. As per NFHS 2019-2021 report, Total Fertility Rate of Punjab State is 1.6 children per women and also 1.6 in 2016.

Image Source: Punjabi's gathering at Amritsar

Punjabi culture is one of the oldest and richest culture practiced from last 2000 years along with other Hindu cultures. Punjabi's belong to Indo-Aryan race and one of the largest ethinic groups on the face of the earth. At the time of India Partition, western part of Punjab region is settled to Pakistan and eastern part of Punjab is settled with India where majority of sikh people moved to eastern part of punjab in 1947 due to Islamic formation of Pakistan country.

Census year	Persons	Absolute	Percentage	Males	Females
1901	7,544,790	-	-	4,118,386	3,426,404
1911	6,731,510	-813,280	-10.78	3,782,236	2,949,274
1921	7,152,811	421,301	6.26	3,976,180	3,176,631
1931	8,012,325	859,514	12.02	4,415,292	3,597,033
1941	9,600,236	1,587,911	19.82	5,228,280	4,371,956
1951	9,160,500	-439,736	-4.58	4,968,206	4,192,294
1961	11,135,069	1,974,569	21.56	6,007,566	5,127,503
1971	13,551,060	2,415,991	21.7	7,266,515	6,284,545
1981	16,788,915	3,237,855	23.89	8,937,210	7,851,705
1991	20,281,969	3,493,054	20.81	10,778,034	9,503,935
2001	24,358,999	4,077,030	20.1	12,985,045	11,373,954
2011	27,743,338	3,384,339	13.89	14,639,465	13,103,873

Source: A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901

Population Pyramid

Source: 2011 Census: Population In Five Year Age-Group

Punjab Population by Religion

As per 2011 census Punjab Population Religion wise, Sikh is the main religion in Punjab with 16 million(57%), followed by Hindu with 10 million(38%), Muslims, Christians, Buddhists and Jains share less than 4% of the total Punjab population. Among the Indian Punjabi's 60% of the population related to Sikhism and 38% related to Hinduism.

Religion	Persons	Percentage	Males	Females
Hindu	10,678,138	38.49	5,683,894	4,994,244
Muslim	535,489	1.93	287,534	247,955
Christian	348,230	1.26	182,041	166,189
Sikh	16,004,754	57.69	8,395,797	7,608,957
Buddhist	33,237	0.12	17,176	16,061
Jain	45,040	0.16	23,560	21,480
Others	10,886	0.04	5,735	5,151
Not Stated	87,564	0.32	43,728	43,836

Source: Details of Religion In Main Table C-1- 2011 (India & States/UTs)

Languages spoken in Punjab

Punjabi is the main language with 89.81% of the population, around 25 millions speak Punjabi, followed by Hindi with 9.35% (2.5 million).

Languages	Persons	Percentage	Rural	Urban
Punjabi	24,917,885	89.8157	16,534,663	8,383,222
Hindi	2,594,831	9.3530	759,095	1,835,736
Urdu	27,387	0.0987	10,715	16,672
Bengali	27,030	0.0974	5,510	21,520
Nepali	22,061	0.0795	4,688	17,373
Marathi	20,392	0.0735	1,674	18,718
Dogri	18,155	0.0654	6,668	11,487
Gujarati	13,531	0.0488	2,954	10,577
Tamil	10,389	0.0374	1,333	9,056
Odia	9,969	0.0359	1,661	8,308
Malayalam	9,734	0.0351	944	8,790
Telugu	9,523	0.0343	961	8,562
Maithili	9,054	0.0326	2,546	6,508
Assamese	4,090	0.0147	596	3,494
Kannada	3,899	0.0141	600	3,299
Kashmiri	2,913	0.0105	593	2,320

Source: 2011 Census: Language and Mother Tongue

Disability

Below table is the disable people stats of Punjab.

Type of disability	Total Persons	Cultivators	Agriculture labor	HHI	Other workers
Total disabled population	216,320	40,112	38,180	10,897	127,131
In Seeing	26,511	5,139	4,691	1,128	15,553
In Hearing	54,120	9,468	8,900	3,295	32,457
In Speech	7,259	1,621	1,172	305	4,161
In Movement	46,758	8,186	7,688	2,020	28,864
Mental Retardation	7,490	1,524	1,590	359	4,017
Mental Illness	3,568	859	816	134	1,759
Any Other	65,468	12,209	12,422	3,418	37,419
Multiple disability	5,146	1,106	901	238	2,901

Source: 2011 Census: Distribution of Disabled(India & States/UTs)

Population projection

According to UID, Punjab population in 2022 is estimated to be 30.6 Million (3.06 Crores), in 2021 is estimated to be 30.49 Million (3 Crores), population in 2020 is 30 Million (3 Crores).

District wise population in Punjab

Punjab is divided into 22 districts, Ludhiana is the most populated district with 3.91 million(2019) in the punjab state and Barnala is the least populated district (0.6 million). Firozepur is the largest district in the Punjab state with 2,190 sq km while Kapurthala is the smallest district with 1,633 sq km. Below table illustrates Punjab Population district wise.

District	Population(2020 est.)	Population(2011)	Percentage
Gurdaspur	2,620,088	2,298,323	8.28
Kapurthala	929,292	815,168	2.94
Jalandhar	2,500,693	2,193,590	7.91
Hoshiarpur	1,808,753	1,586,625	5.72
Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar	698,033	612,310	2.21
Fatehgarh Sahib	684,186	600,163	2.16
Ludhiana	3,988,562	3,498,739	12.61
Moga	1,135,150	995,746	3.59
Firozpur	2,313,144	2,029,074	7.31
Muktsar	1,028,161	901,896	3.25
Faridkot	703,959	617,508	2.23
Bathinda	1,582,919	1,388,525	5.00
Mansa	877,516	769,751	2.77
Patiala	2,161,082	1,895,686	6.83
Amritsar	2,839,348	2,490,656	8.98
Tarn Taran	1,276,375	1,119,627	4.04
Rupnagar	780,475	684,627	2.47
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar	1,133,876	994,628	3.59
Sangrur	1,886,893	1,655,169	5.97
Barnala	678,901	595,527	2.15